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Silicon

CAS No.: 7440-21-3
Formula: H4Si
Molecular Weight: 32.12
Suppliers: All(0) China Suppliers(5) Products(5)
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What is Silicon

The silicon atom, a cornerstone of modern technology, is a chemical element with the symbol Si and atomic number 14. Found abundantly in the Earth's crust, silicon is a metalloid known for its semiconducting properties, making it indispensable in electronics and computing. Its ability to form stable covalent bonds allows it to create intricate structures, such as silicon dioxide (SiO₂) and silicon-based polymers. Silicon is the backbone of semiconductors, solar panels, and integrated circuits, driving innovations in renewable energy, telecommunications, and artificial intelligence. With its versatility and reliability, the silicon atom continues to shape the future of technology and industry, solidifying its role as a fundamental building block of the digital age.

Preparation Process: To prepare a silicon atom, start with silica (SiO₂) as the raw material. Reduce silica with carbon in an electric arc furnace at 1700–2000°C, producing metallurgical-grade silicon (98–99% pure). For higher purity, further refine via the Siemens process: react silicon with hydrogen chloride (HCl) to form trichlorosilane (SiHCl₃), then distill to remove impurities. Decompose purified SiHCl₃ at 1100°C in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor, depositing high-purity polycrystalline silicon. Alternatively, zone refining or float-zone techniques can produce ultra-pure single-crystal silicon for semiconductor applications. Handle all steps under controlled conditions to prevent contamination.

Usage Scenarios: The silicon atom is widely used in electronics as the primary material for semiconductors, forming the basis of integrated circuits, transistors, and microchips. Its semiconducting properties enable efficient control of electrical currents, essential for computers, smartphones, and solar cells. In photovoltaics, silicon converts sunlight into electricity. It also strengthens alloys, improves aluminum castings, and enhances steel durability. Silicon dioxide (SiO₂) is used in glass, ceramics, and cement production. Silicones, derived from silicon, serve in lubricants, sealants, medical implants, and waterproof coatings. Additionally, silicon is crucial in optical fibers for telecommunications and as a raw material in synthetic quartz and abrasives.

Silicon Basic Info
Chemical Name Silicon
Synonyms silicium;Silica powder;SILICON METAL;silicon,powder;Silicon nanopowder;SILICON METAL POWDER;polycrystalline silicon;Silicon, powder, 99.9%;Silicon Monocrystalline;monocrystalline silicon
CAS No. 7440-21-3
Molecular Formula H4Si
Molecular Weight 32.12
PSA 0.00000
LogP 0.00000
Safely Info
RTECS VW0400000
Hazard Class 4.1
Safety Statements 26-36/37-45-7/9-33-16-36
HS Code 3822 00 00
WGK Germany 2
Packing Group III
RIDADR UN 2922 8/PG 2
Risk Statements 11
Hazard Codes T,F
Caution Statement P210-P240-P241-P280-P370+P378
Hazard Declaration H228
Symbol GHS02
Signal Word Warning
Silicon Price
United States: $10,000 - $15,000
China: $5,000 - $10,000
Russia: $8,000 - $12,000
Germany: $12,000 - $18,000
India: $7,000 - $11,000
Japan: $15,000 - $20,000
Brazil: $6,000 - $10,000
South Korea: $10,000 - $15,000
Philippines: No results
United Kingdom: $13,000 - $17,000
France: $14,000 - $18,000
Mexico: $5,000 - $9,000
Canada: $12,000 - $16,000
South Africa: $4,000 - $8,000
Egypt: $6,000 - $10,000
Turkey: $8,000 - $12,000
Thailand: $7,000 - $11,000
Indonesia: $5,000 - $9,000
MSDS
MSDS
Name: Silicon Metal Lump Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym: None
CAS: 7440-21-3
Section 1 - Chemical Product   MSDS Name:Silicon Metal Lump Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:None

Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
CAS# Chemical Name content EINECS#
7440-21-3 Silicon 100.0 231-130-8
Hazard Symbols: None Listed.
Risk Phrases: None Listed.

Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
  EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Moisture sensitive.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
May cause eye irritation.
Skin:
May cause skin irritation.
Ingestion:
May cause irritation of the digestive tract.
Inhalation:
May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Chronic:
Not available.

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
  Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin:
Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Get medical aid.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid if cough or other symptoms appear.
Notes to Physician:

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
  General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Dusts at sufficient concentrations can form explosive mixtures with air. Dousing metallic fires with water may generate hydrogen gas, an extremely dangerous explosion hazard.
Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or chemical foam. Do NOT get water inside containers.

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
  General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Very fine particles can cause a fire or explosion.
Eliminate all ignition sources. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation. Do not get water inside containers.

Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
  Handling:
Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not allow contact with water. Use only in a chemical fume hood. Keep from contact with moist air and steam.
Storage:
Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Store protected from moisture.

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
  Engineering Controls:
Good general ventilation should be sufficient to control airborne levels. Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower.
Exposure Limits CAS# 7440-21-3: United Kingdom, WEL - TWA: (listed as silica, amorphous): 6 mg/m3 (inhalable dust); 2.4 mg/m3 TWA (respirable dust) United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: 30 ppm STEL (inhalable dust); 12 mg/m STEL (respirable dust) United States OSHA: 15 mg/m3 TWA (total dust); 5 mg/m3 TWA (respirable fraction) Belgium - TWA: 10 mg/m3 VLE France - VME: 10 mg/m3 VME Netherlands: 10 mg/m3 MAC Russia: (listed as silica, amorphous): 1 mg/m3 TWA Spain: 10 mg/m3 VLA-ED (inhalable fraction); 4 mg/m3 VLA-ED (respirable fraction) Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear a chemical apron. Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
A NIOSH/MSHA approved air purifying dust or mist respirator or European Standard EN 149.

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
 
Physical State: Solid
Color: silver-gray
Odor: Not available.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: 2355 deg C
Freezing/Melting Point: 1410 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable.
Flash Point: Not applicable.
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature: Not available.
Solubility in water: Insoluble in water.
Specific Gravity/Density: Not available.
Molecular Formula: Si
Molecular Weight: 28.0855

Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
  Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions to Avoid:
Incompatible materials, dust generation, moisture, excess heat.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Moisture, strong oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Irritating and toxic fumes and gases, oxides of silicon.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported.

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
  RTECS#:
CAS# 7440-21-3: VW0400000 LD50/LC50:
CAS# 7440-21-3: Draize test, rabbit, eye: 3 mg Mild; Oral, rat: LD50 = 3160 mg/kg.
Carcinogenicity:
Silicon - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
 

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
  Products which are considered hazardous for supply are classified as Special Waste and the disposal of such chemicals is covered by regulations which may vary according to location. Contact a specialist disposal company or the local waste regulator for advice. Empty containers must be decontaminated before returning for recycling.

Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION
 
IATA
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
IMO
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
RID/ADR
Not regulated as a hazardous material.

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
 
European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: Not available.
Risk Phrases:
Safety Phrases:
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 7440-21-3: No information available.
Canada
CAS# 7440-21-3 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 7440-21-3 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 7440-21-3 is listed on the TSCA inventory.


SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A
SDS 1.0
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