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Thymol

CAS No.: 89-83-8
Formula: C10H14O
Molecular Weight: 150.22
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What is Thymol

**Introduction to Thymol** Thymol is a natural monoterpenoid phenol derived primarily from thyme oil and other essential oils. Known for its potent antimicrobial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties, thymol is widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food preservation. It serves as an active ingredient in mouthwashes, disinfectants, and topical antiseptics due to its ability to combat harmful pathogens. Additionally, thymol is valued in agriculture as a natural pesticide and in aromatherapy for its soothing fragrance. Its safety and efficacy make it a preferred choice in both traditional and modern applications. With increasing demand for natural alternatives, thymol continues to play a vital role in health and wellness industries.

Preparation Process: Thymol can be prepared through the alkylation of m-cresol with propene in the presence of an acidic catalyst, such as aluminum chloride (AlCl₃), at elevated temperatures. Alternatively, it can be synthesized via the Friedel-Crafts reaction of m-cresol with isopropyl alcohol or isopropyl chloride using sulfuric acid or AlCl₃ as the catalyst. Another method involves the oxidation of p-cymene (isopropyltoluene) with nitric acid or chromic acid to yield thymol. Purification is typically achieved by distillation or recrystallization. Thymol is also naturally obtained from thyme oil via steam distillation and subsequent isolation.

Usage Scenarios: Thymol, a natural monoterpenoid phenol derived from thyme oil, is widely used as an antiseptic, antifungal, and antibacterial agent in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food preservation. It is a key ingredient in mouthwashes, toothpaste, and throat lozenges due to its antimicrobial properties. In agriculture, thymol serves as a pesticide and fungicide, protecting crops from pathogens. It also acts as a flavoring agent in food and beverages. Additionally, thymol is utilized in veterinary medicine to treat parasitic infections. Its antioxidant properties make it valuable in skincare products. Thymol's versatility extends to industrial applications, such as a disinfectant and preservative in various formulations.

Thymol Basic Info
Chemical Name Thymol
Synonyms TB;2-ISOPROPYL-5-METHYLPHENOL;Thymol Crystal;THYMOL CRYSTALS;ISOPROPYLMETHYLPHENOL;5-METHYL-2-ISOPROPYLPHENOL;3-Methyl-6-isopropylphenol;2-Hydroxy-1-isopropyl-4-methylbenzene;m-Thymol;THYMOL BLUE TS
CAS No. 89-83-8
Molecular Formula C10H14O
Molecular Weight 150.22
PSA 20.23000
LogP 2.82400
Safely Info
RTECS XP2275000
Hazard Class 8
Safety Statements 26-28-36/37/39-45-61-28A
HS Code 29071900
WGK Germany 2
Packing Group III
RIDADR UN 3261 8/PG 3
Risk Statements 22-34-51/53
Hazard Codes C,N
Caution Statement P260-P273-P280-P301+P312-P303+P361+P353-P305+P351+P338
Hazard Declaration H302-H314-H411
Symbol GHS05,GHS07,GHS09
Signal Word Danger
Thymol Price
United States: $20 - $50
China: $15 - $40
Russia: $30 - $60
Germany: $25 - $55
India: $10 - $30
Japan: $40 - $70
Brazil: $15 - $35
South Korea: $20 - $45
Philippines: $12 - $30
United Kingdom: $30 - $55
France: $25 - $50
Mexico: $15 - $35
Canada: $25 - $55
South Africa: No results
Egypt: $20 - $40
Turkey: $25 - $50
Thailand: $10 - $30
Indonesia: $8 - $25
MSDS
MSDS
Name: Buffer Solution pH 13.0 Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym: None Known
CAS: 89-83-8
Section 1 - Chemical Product   MSDS Name:Buffer Solution pH 13.0 Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:None Known

Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
CAS# Chemical Name content EINECS#
89-83-8 Thymol <1.0 201-944-8
Hazard Symbols: XI
Risk Phrases: 36/37/38

Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
  EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
Causes eye irritation and possible burns.
Skin:
Causes skin irritation and possible burns.
Ingestion:
Causes gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Inhalation:
The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated. Causes respiratory tract irritation with possible burns.
Chronic:
Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis.

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
  Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid. Do NOT allow victim to rub eyes or keep eyes closed.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
Notes to Physician:

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
  General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion.
Extinguishing Media:
Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire.

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
  General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Provide ventilation.

Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
  Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed.
Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Storage:
Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
  Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low.
Exposure Limits CAS# 89-83-8: CAS# 1310-73-2: United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: 2 mg/m3 STEL United States OSHA: 2 mg/m3 TWA Belgium - TWA: 2 mg/m3 VLE France - VME: 2 mg/m3 VME Germany: 2 mg/m3 TWA (inhalable fraction) Japan: 2 mg/m3 Ceiling Malaysia: 2 mg/m3 Ceiling Spain: 2 mg/m3 VLA-EC CAS# 7447-40-7: Russia: 5 mg/m3 TWA CAS# 7732-18-5: Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant respirator use.

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
 
Physical State: Clear liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: odorless
pH: 13
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: > 100 deg C
Freezing/Melting Point: < 0 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Point: Not available.
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water: Soluble.
Specific Gravity/Density: 1.0
Molecular Formula: Solution
Molecular Weight: 0

Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
  Chemical Stability:
Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions.
Conditions to Avoid:
Incompatible materials.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Acids.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sodium oxide, oxides of potassium.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported.

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
  RTECS#:
CAS# 89-83-8: XP2275000 CAS# 1310-73-2: WB4900000 CAS# 7447-40-7: TS8050000 CAS# 7732-18-5: ZC0110000 LD50/LC50:
CAS# 89-83-8: Oral, mouse: LD50 = 640 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 980 mg/kg.
CAS# 1310-73-2: Draize test, rabbit, eye: 400 ug Mild; Draize test, rabbit, eye: 1% Severe; Draize test, rabbit, eye: 50 ug/24H Severe; Draize test, rabbit, eye: 1 mg/24H Severe; Draize test, rabbit, skin: 500 mg/24H Severe.
CAS# 7447-40-7: Draize test, rabbit, eye: 500 mg/24H Mild; Oral, mouse: LD50 = 1500 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 2600 mg/kg.
CAS# 7732-18-5: Oral, rat: LD50 = >90 mL/kg.
Carcinogenicity:
Thymol - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Sodium hydroxide - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Potassium chloride - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Water - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
 

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
  Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION
 
IATA
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
IMO
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
RID/ADR
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
USA RQ: CAS# 1310-73-2: 1000 lb final RQ; 454 kg final RQ

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
 
European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: XI
Risk Phrases:
R 36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system
and skin.
Safety Phrases:
S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 89-83-8: 2
CAS# 1310-73-2: 1
CAS# 7447-40-7: 1
CAS# 7732-18-5: No information available.
Canada
CAS# 89-83-8 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 1310-73-2 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 7447-40-7 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 7732-18-5 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 89-83-8 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
CAS# 1310-73-2 is listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
CAS# 7447-40-7 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
CAS# 7732-18-5 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 89-83-8 is listed on the TSCA inventory.
CAS# 1310-73-2 is listed on the TSCA inventory.
CAS# 7447-40-7 is listed on the TSCA inventory.
CAS# 7732-18-5 is listed on the TSCA inventory.


SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A
SDS 1.0
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